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Shallow foundation response variability due to soil and model parameter uncertainty

Prishati RAYCHOWDHURY,Sumit JINDAL

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第3期   页码 237-251 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0242-1

摘要： Geotechnical uncertainties may play crucial role in response prediction of a structure with substantial soil-foundation-structure-interaction (SFSI) effects. Since the behavior of a soil-foundation system may significantly alter the response of the structure supported by it, and consequently several design decisions, it is extremely important to identify and characterize the relevant parameters. Moreover, the modeling approach and the parameters required for the modeling are also critically important for the response prediction. The present work intends to investigate the effect of soil and model parameter uncertainty on the response of shallow foundation-structure systems resting on dry dense sand. The SFSI is modeled using a beam-on-nonlinear-winkler-foundation (BNWF) concept, where soil beneath the foundation is assumed to be an assembly of discrete, nonlinear elements composed of springs, dashpots and gap elements. The sensitivity of both soil and model input parameters on shallow foundation responses are investigated using first-order second-moment (FOSM) analysis and Monte Carlo simulation through Latin hypercube sampling technique. It has been observed that the degree of accuracy in predicting the responses of the shallow foundation is highly sensitive soil parameters, such as friction angle, Poisson’s ratio and shear modulus, rather than model parameters, such as stiffness intensity ratio and spring spacing; indicating the importance of proper characterization of soil parameters for reliable soil-foundation response analysis.

关键词： shallow foun dation     sensitivity analysis     centrifuge data     first-order-second-moment (FOSM) method     parameter uncertainty    

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Reliability assessment of three-dimensional bearing capacity of shallow foundation using fuzzy set theory

Rajarshi PRAMANIK, Dilip Kumar BAIDYA, Nirjhar DHANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第2期   页码 478-489 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0698-8

摘要： The aim of this study is to investigate the applicability of reliability theory on surface square/rectangular footing against bearing capacity failure using fuzzy set theory in conjunction with the finite element method. Soil is modeled as a three-dimensional spatially varying medium, where its parameters (cohesion, friction angle, unit weight, etc.) are considered as fuzzy variables that maintain some membership functions. Soil is idealized as an elastic-perfectly plastic material obeying the Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion, where both associated and non-associated flow rules are considered in estimating the ultimate bearing capacity of the footing. The spatial variability of the soil is incorporated for both isotropic and anisotropic fields, which are determined by the values of scales of fluctuation in both the horizontal and vertical directions. A new parameter namely, limiting applied pressure at zero failure probability is proposed, and it indirectly predicts the failure probability of the footing. The effect of the coefficient of variation of the friction angle of the soil on the probability of failure is analyzed, and it is observed that the effect is significant. Furthermore, the effect of the scale of fluctuation on the probability of failure is investigated, and the necessity for considering spatial variability in the reliability analysis is well proven.

关键词： finite element method     square footing     reliability analysis     fuzzy set theory     coefficient of variation     spatial variability    

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Assessment of glass fiber-reinforced polyester pipe powder in soil improvement

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 742-753 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0732-x

摘要： This study investigates the use of glass fiber-reinforced polyester (GRP) pipe powder (PP) for improving the bearing capacity of sandy soils. After a series of direct share tests, the optimum PP addition for improving the bearing capacity of soils was found to be 12%. Then, using the optimum PP addition, the bearing capacity of the soil was estimated through a series of loading tests on a shallow foundation model placed in a test box. The bearing capacity of sandy soil was improved by up to 30.7%. The ratio of the depth of the PP-reinforced soil to the diameter of the foundation model (H/D) of 1.25 could sufficiently strengthen sandy soil when the optimum PP ratio was used. Microstructural analyses showed that the increase in the bearing capacity can be attributed to the chopped fibers in the PP and their multiaxial distribution in the soil. Besides improving the engineering properties of soils, using PP as an additive in soils would reduce the accumulation of the industrial waste, thus providing a twofold benefit.

关键词： shallow foundation     sandy soil     bearing capacity     soil improvement     pipe powder    

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滨海海涂地区绿化及排盐工程技术探讨与研究

张万钧,郭育文,王斗天,张民胜,黄明勇

《中国工程科学》 2001年 第3卷 第5期   页码 79-85

摘要：

针对天津开发区原属于无植被海涂地区，四周无农、林、牧业依托的现实条件，系统地介绍了天津 经济技术开发区在滨海浅潜水淤泥质软基础地区创建的“允许深度”的新概念和“浅密式”水平暗管排水新工 艺，论述了工艺的技术组成、优越性和实施方法。从绿化建设可持续发展的角度出发，提出了综合治理类似盐 碱海涂化地区的技术措施，以及在实践中的应用。

关键词： 盐田     浅潜水淤泥质     水平暗管排水     临界深度     允许深度     浅密式    

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Mechanical responses of multi-layered ground due to shallow tunneling with arbitrary ground surface load

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第5期   页码 745-762 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0935-4

摘要： An analytical model based on complex variable theory is proposed to investigate ground responses due to shallow tunneling in multi-layered ground with an arbitrary ground surface load. The ground layers are assumed to be linear-elastic with full-stick contact between them. To solve the proposed multi-boundary problem, a series of analytic functions is introduced to accurately express the stresses and displacements contributed by different boundaries. Based on the principle of linear-elastic superposition, the multi-boundary problem is converted into a superposition of multiple single-boundary problems. The conformal mappings of different boundaries are independent of each other, which allows the stress and displacement fields to be obtained by the sum of components from each boundary. The analytical results are validated based on numerical and in situ monitoring results. The present model is superior to the classical model for analyzing ground responses of shallow tunneling in multi-layered ground; thus, it can be used with assurance to estimate the ground movement and surface building safety of shallow tunnel constructions beneath surface buildings. Moreover, the solution for the ground stress distribution can be used to estimate the safety of a single-layer composite ground.

关键词： analytical model     mechanical response     multi-layered ground     shallow tunneling     ground surface load     complex variable solution    

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Comparison of shallow tunneling method with pile and rib method for construction of subway station in

Sina AMIRI; Ali Naghi DEHGHAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 704-717 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0746-4

摘要： In the present study, a comparison between the new shallow tunneling method (STM) and the traditional pile and rib method (PRM) was conducted to excavate and construct subway stations in the geological conditions of Tehran. First, by selecting Station Z6 located in the Tehran Subway Line 6 as a case study, the construction process was analyzed by PRM. The maximum ground settlement of 29.84 mm obtained from this method was related to the station axis, and it was within the allowable settlement limit of 30 mm. The acceptable agreement between the results of numerical modeling and instrumentation data indicated the confirmation and accuracy of the excavation and construction process of Station Z6 by PRM. In the next stage, based on the numerical model validated by instrumentation data, the value of the ground surface settlement was investigated during the station excavation and construction by STM. The results obtained from STM showed a significant reduction in the ground surface settlement compared to PRM. The maximum settlement obtained from STM was 6.09 mm as related to the front of the excavation face. Also, the sensitivity analysis results denoted that in addition to controlling the surface settlement by STM, it is possible to optimize some critical geometric parameters of the support system during the station excavation and construction.

关键词： shallow tunneling method     pile and rib method     ground surface settlement     subway station construction     numerical modeling    

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Centrifuge experiments for shallow tunnels at active reverse fault intersection

Mehdi SABAGH, Abbas GHALANDARZADEH

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第3期   页码 731-745 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0614-7

摘要： Tunnels extend in large stretches with continuous lengths of up to hundreds of kilometers which are vulnerable to faulting in earthquake-prone areas. Assessing the interaction of soil and tunnel at an intersection with an active fault during an earthquake can be a beneficial guideline for tunnel design engineers. Here, a series of 4 centrifuge tests are planned and tested on continuous tunnels. Dip-slip surface faulting in reverse mechanism of 60-degree is modeled by a fault simulator box in a quasi-static manner. Failure mechanism, progression and locations of damages to the tunnels are assessed through a gradual increase in Permanent Ground Displacement (PGD). The ground surface deformations and strains, fault surface trace, fault scarp and the sinkhole caused by fault movement are observed here. These ground surface deformations are major threats to stability, safety and serviceability of the structures. According to the observations, the modeled tunnels are vulnerable to reverse fault rupture and but the functionality loss is not abrupt, and the tunnel will be able to tolerate some fault displacements. By monitoring the progress of damage states by increasing PGD, the fragility curves corresponding to each damage state were plotted and interpreted in related figures.

关键词： reverse fault rupture     continuous tunnel     geotechnical centrifuge     ground surface deformations     fragility curves    

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Strategic Thinking on Shallow-water Oil and Gas Exploration in Offshore China

Ke-qiang Wu,Jian-yong Xu,Bo Kang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第4期   页码 349-355 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016056

摘要： The oil and gas exploration in offshore China has made great achievements, and as the important areas of offshore exploration, the shallow waters contribute most of the oil and gas reserves and production. However, the available area for exploration is diminishing and the cost of exploration is rising. The field changes and ever increasing difficulties of exploration bring new challenges technically and economically. Therefore, for effective exploration of shallow-water oil and gas in offshore China, it is necessary to center on the general requirements of becoming a powerful marine country and the ideas of value exploration, initiate key research projects in the fields of China’s offshore stratigraphic-lithologic reserves, Paleogene reserves, buried-hill reserves, high temperature and pressure reserves and hydrocarbon-rich sags, and form geological theories and explorative technologies of large and medium size oil and gas field in offshore China. The measures regarding the challenges include: (1) Innovating theoretical understanding and optimizing new exploration fields, (2) developing technical capabilities and improving the success rate of exploration, and (3) enhancing management level and deepening value exploration.

关键词： offshore China     shallow-water oil and gas exploration     strategic thinking     challenge     countermeasure    

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Control concept and countermeasures for shallow lakes' eutrophication in China

JIN Xiangcan, LU Shaoyong, HU Xiaozhen, JIANG Xia, WU Fengchang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 257-266 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0063-3

摘要： Research on lake eutrophication in China began in the early 1970s, and many lakes in China are now known to be in meso-eutrophic status. Lake eutrophication has been showing a rapidly increasing trend since 2000. Investigations show that the main reasons for lake eutrophication include a fragile lake background environment, excessive nutrient loading into lakes, excessive human activities, ecological degeneration, weak environmental protection awareness, and lax lake management. Major mechanisms resulting from lake eutrophication include nutrient recycling imbalance, major changes in water chemistry (pH, oxygen, and carbon), lake ecosystem imbalance, and algal prevalence in lakes. Some concepts for controlling eutrophication should be persistently proposed, including lake catchment control, combination of pollutant source control with ecological restoration, protection of three important aspects (terrestrial ecology, lake coast zone, and submerged plant), and combination of lake management with regulation. Measures to control lake eutrophication should include pollution source control (i.e., optimize industrial structural adjustments in the lake catchment, reduce nitrogen and phosphorus emission amounts, and control endogenous pollution) and lake ecological restoration (i.e. establish a zone-lake buffer region and lakeside zone, protect regional vegetation, utilize hydrophytes in renovation technology); countermeasures for lake management should include implementing water quality management, identifying environmental and lake water goals, legislating and formulating laws and regulations to protect lakes, strengthening publicity and the education of people, increasing public awareness through participation in systems and mechanic innovations, establishing lake region management institutions, and ensuring implementation of governance and management measures.

关键词： excessive     participation     prevalence     lakeside     Research    

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土质隧道深浅埋界定方法研究

赵占厂,谢永利

《中国工程科学》 2005年 第7卷 第10期   页码 84-86

摘要：

针对现有隧道深浅埋界定方法存在的问题，结合现场测试和数值仿真结果，明确了应从围岩压力性质角度进行深浅埋界定。首次提出了以数值仿真技术为手段，利用拱上中心线土体侧压力系数变化规律为依据进行深浅埋界定的思路，并用2个工程实例进行了验证，新方法对土质隧道衬砌设计和施工有重大意义。

关键词： 土质隧道     深埋和浅埋     界定方法    

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Torsional vibrations of a cylindrical foundation embedded in a saturated poroelastic half-space

Dazhi WU,Lu YU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第2期   页码 194-202 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0292-z

摘要： Considering the interactions between an embedded foundation and saturated soil, the torsional vibrations of a cylindrical foundation embedded in a saturated poroelastic medium are analyzed in this paper. Both a rigid foundation and an elastic foundation are considered. Assuming both the side surface and the bottom surface of the foundation are perfectly bonded to soil, the reaction torques that the side soil and bottom soil acting on the foundation can be gained from basic dynamic equations of the poroelastic medium. According to the dynamic equilibrium equations of a foundation under harmonic torque, the torsional vibrations of an embedded cylindrical foundation are presented. Besides, the angular amplitude of the foundation, the equivalent stiffness and damping coefficients of the soil are expressed explicitly. Selected examples are presented to investigate the influence of relevant parameters on the torsional vibrations.

关键词： embedded foundation     saturated soil     rigid foundation     elastic foundation     torsional vibration    

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Numerical simulation of flood inundation processes by 2D shallow water equations

ZHANG Xinhua, LONG Wenfei, XIE Heping, ZHU Jiahua, WANG Jiangping

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第1期   页码 107-113 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0011-5

摘要： In order to strengthen flood risk management in a river basin, to upgrade the capability of flood control, and to reduce the loss of lives and properties in urban areas, a numerical simulation model using 2D shallow water equations was proposed in this study. A satisfactory result has been obtained by applying the model in the Fuji River basin in central Japan. The result indicates that the numerical simulation model proposed can be adopted not only in the risk management of a river basin, but also in the study of realtime operations of rescue jobs and evacuation routes in a municipal region suffering from a serious flooding event.

关键词： control     satisfactory     management     central     rescue    

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Numerical modeling of current-induced scour around multi-wall foundation using large-eddy simulation

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第4期   页码 546-565 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0943-4

摘要： Scouring is one of the primary triggers of failure for bridges across rivers or seas. However, research concerning the scour mechanism of multi-wall foundations (MWFs) remains scarce, hindering the further application of MWFs. In this study, for the first time, the scouring effect caused by unidirectional flow around MWFs was examined numerically using FLOW-3D involving a large-eddy simulation. Initially, the applicability of the scouring model and input parameters was validated using a case study based on published measured data. Subsequently, the scouring effects of four MWFs with different wall arrangements and inflow angles, including the flow field analysis and scour pit and depth, were investigated thoroughly. It was found that the maximum scour depth of MWFs with an inflow angle of 0° was smaller than that of those with an inflow angle of 45°, regardless of the wall arrangement. Meanwhile, changing the inflow angle significantly affects the scour characteristics of MWFs arranged in parallel. In practical engineering, MWFs arranged in parallel are preferred considering the need for scouring resistance. However, a comparative analysis should be performed to consider comprehensively whether to adopt the form of a round wall arrangement when the inflow angle is not 0° or the inflow direction is changeable.

关键词： multi-wall foundation     current-induced scour     bridge foundation     large-eddy simulation     numerical analysis    

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Three-dimensional finite difference analysis of shallow sprayed concrete tunnels crossing a reverse fault

Masoud RANJBARNIA, Milad ZAHERI, Daniel DIAS

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期   页码 998-1011 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0621-8

摘要： Urban tunnels crossing faults are always at the risk of severe damages. In this paper, the effects of a reverse and a normal fault movement on a transversely crossing shallow shotcreted tunnel are investigated by 3D finite difference analysis. After verifying the accuracy of the numerical simulation predictions with the centrifuge physical model results, a parametric study is then conducted. That is, the effects of various parameters such as the sprayed concrete thickness, the geo-mechanical properties of soil, the tunnel depth, and the fault plane dip angle are studied on the displacements of the ground surface and the tunnel structure, and on the plastic strains of the soil mass around tunnel. The results of each case of reverse and normal faulting are independently discussed and then compared with each other. It is obtained that deeper tunnels show greater displacements for both types of faulting.

关键词： urban tunnel     sprayed concrete     reverse fault     normal fault     finite difference analysis    

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Evaluation of seismic reliability of gravity dam-reservoir-inhomogeneous foundation coupled system

Hamid Taghavi GANJI, Mohammad ALEMBAGHERI, Mohammad Houshmand KHANEGHAHI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第3期   页码 701-715 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0507-1

摘要： The seismic performance of gravity dam-reservoir-foundation coupled system is investigated utilizing probabilistic approach. In this research, the uncertainties associated with modeling parameters are incorporated in nonlinear response history simulations to realistically quantify their effects on the seismic performance of the system. The methodology is applied to Pine Flat gravity dam and the foundation is considered to be inhomogeneous assuming a constant spatial geometry but with various rock material properties. The sources of uncertainty are taken into account in the reliability analysis using Latin Hypercube Sampling procedure. The effects of the deconvolution process, number of samples, and foundation inhomogeneity are investigated.

关键词： gravity dams     dam-reservoir-foundation interaction     seismic reliability     inhomogeneous foundation     earthquake deconvolution    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Shallow foundation response variability due to soil and model parameter uncertainty

Prishati RAYCHOWDHURY,Sumit JINDAL

期刊论文

Reliability assessment of three-dimensional bearing capacity of shallow foundation using fuzzy set theory

Rajarshi PRAMANIK, Dilip Kumar BAIDYA, Nirjhar DHANG

期刊论文

Assessment of glass fiber-reinforced polyester pipe powder in soil improvement

期刊论文

滨海海涂地区绿化及排盐工程技术探讨与研究

张万钧,郭育文,王斗天,张民胜,黄明勇

期刊论文

Mechanical responses of multi-layered ground due to shallow tunneling with arbitrary ground surface load

期刊论文

Comparison of shallow tunneling method with pile and rib method for construction of subway station in

Sina AMIRI; Ali Naghi DEHGHAN

期刊论文

Centrifuge experiments for shallow tunnels at active reverse fault intersection

Mehdi SABAGH, Abbas GHALANDARZADEH

期刊论文

Strategic Thinking on Shallow-water Oil and Gas Exploration in Offshore China

Ke-qiang Wu,Jian-yong Xu,Bo Kang

期刊论文

Control concept and countermeasures for shallow lakes' eutrophication in China

JIN Xiangcan, LU Shaoyong, HU Xiaozhen, JIANG Xia, WU Fengchang

期刊论文

土质隧道深浅埋界定方法研究

赵占厂,谢永利

期刊论文

Torsional vibrations of a cylindrical foundation embedded in a saturated poroelastic half-space

Dazhi WU,Lu YU

期刊论文

Numerical simulation of flood inundation processes by 2D shallow water equations

ZHANG Xinhua, LONG Wenfei, XIE Heping, ZHU Jiahua, WANG Jiangping

期刊论文

Numerical modeling of current-induced scour around multi-wall foundation using large-eddy simulation

期刊论文

Three-dimensional finite difference analysis of shallow sprayed concrete tunnels crossing a reverse fault

Masoud RANJBARNIA, Milad ZAHERI, Daniel DIAS

期刊论文

Evaluation of seismic reliability of gravity dam-reservoir-inhomogeneous foundation coupled system

Hamid Taghavi GANJI, Mohammad ALEMBAGHERI, Mohammad Houshmand KHANEGHAHI

期刊论文